GENERAL:

The Top Ten List of What Motorists Shouldn't Do When They See a Blind Person. By James Hazard and Kathy Zelaya.

United States Access Board: A Federal Agency Committed to Accessible Design.

Electronic Toolbox for Making Intersections More Accessible for Pedestrians Who are Blind or Visually Impaired: Institute of Transporation Engineers (LOTS of LINKS!!!)

"Assessment / Training Tools, Program and Issues for Crossing Streets" articles by Dona Sauerburger as listed at her website.

Crossing at Modern Signals, by Dona Sauerburger, COMS. Fall 2005 Newsletter, AER Orientation and Mobility Division.

Traffic Signal Enlightenment, By Dona Sauerburger, COMS. November 1997 Newsletter, Metropolitan Washington Orientation and Mobility Association (WOMA).

Teaching Students to Assess Safety for Crossing Streets Which Have No Traffic Control. Dr. Mary-Maureen Snook Hill and Dona Sauerburger, 1996 -- International Mobility Conference No. 8 Tambartun National Centre, Melhus, Norway.

Leading Pedestrian Interval – A Solution We’ve Been Waiting For! by Dona Sauerburger, COMS with input from Michael King.
March 1999 newsletter, Metropolitan Washington Orientation and Mobility Association (WOMA).

Rules of the Road, by Dona Sauerburger, COMS. September, 1999 Newsletter. Metropolitan Washington Orientation and Mobility Association (WOMA).

Do Drivers Stop at Unsignalized Intersections for Pedestrians Who Are Blind? by Dona Sauerburger, COMS March 25, 2003. Conference of Institute of Transportation Engineers, Ft. Lauderdale, FL

Scanning for Cars by Dona Sauerburger, COMS. Winter 2003 Newsletter, AER Orientation and Mobility Division.

SURVEY OF SIGNALIZED INTERSECTION ACCESSIBILITY by Julie Carroll and Billie Louise Bentzen

Crandall, W., Bentzen, B.L., Myers, L., & Mitchell, P. (1995). Transit accessibility improvement through Talking Signs® remote infrared signage: A demonstration and evaluation. Federal Transit Administration and Project ACTION of the National Easter Seal Society.

Noyce, D.A. and Bentzen, B.L. (2006). Determination of pedestrian pushbutton activation duration at typical signalized intersections. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 1939, pp. 63-68.

DOWNLOAD: Article:New orientation and accessibility option for persons with visual impairment: transportation applications for remote infrared audible signage Crandall W, Bentzen BL, Myers L, Brabyn J

Pedestrians with Vision Loss or Blindness. United States Department of Transportation - Federal Highway Administration

DOWNLOAD: Article: Orientation and Alignment for Street Crossing: Pedestrians who are Blind or Visually Impaired Janet M. Barlow, Certified Orientation and Mobility Specialist (COMS)

DOWNLOAD: Orientation and Wayfinding PowerPoint Presentation Including Notes. Janet M. Barlow, Certified Orientation and Mobility Specialist (COMS)

DOWNLOAD: Article: Wayfinding Systems for Pedestrians Who Are Blind. Dr. Billie (Beezy) Louise Bentzen

DOWNLOAD: Article: Bibliography related to Dr. Billie Louise (Beezy) Bentzen’s presentation on Research on Wayfinding Systems for Pedestrians Who are Blind. Dr. Billie Louise (Beezy) Bentzen

Blind Pedestrian Killed; Intersection Design Contributing Cause. A death and an injury resulted from the lack of any pedestrian buttons at actuated signals. by Dona Sauerburger, COMS. March, 1999 newsletter. Metropolitan Washington Orientation and Mobility Association (WOMA)

Traffic Warning signs. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Intersection Analysis Word Find - Large Print & Easy Word FInd for Low Vision Students for Learning Analysis Terms

ROUNDABOUTS:

Pedestrian Access to Modern Roundabouts: Design and Operational Issues for Pedestrians who are Blind

Roundabouts: An Informational Guide. United States Department of Transportation - Federal Highway Administration

Roundabouts and Low-Vision Pedestrians ROUNDABOUTS AND PEDESTRIANS WITH VISUAL DISABILITIES: How Can We Make Them Safer? Lal C. Wadhwa

Pedestrian Crosswalk Signals at Roundabouts: Where are they Applicable? : Bill Baranowski

Exploring Round-Abouts and Circles, by Dona Sauerburger, COMS. May 1996 newsletter, Metropolitan Washington Orientation and Mobility Association (WOMA).

2002 Roundabout Accessibility Summit -- Draft Procedings

Pedestrian Access to Roundabouts: Assessment of Motorists' Yielding to Visually Impaired Pedestrians and Potential Treatments to Improve Access (Federal Highway report, May 2006)

"Roundabout Access for Visually Impaired Pedestrians: Evaluation of a Yielding Vehicle Alerting System for Double-Lane Roundabouts" by Vaughan Inman, Ph.D., Gregory Davis, Ph.D., and Dona Sauerburger, COMS

Teaching People Who Are Visually Impaired to Cross at Roundabouts by Dona Sauerburger

Exploring Round-Abouts and Circles by Dona Sauerburger, COMS. May 1996 newsletter Metropolitan Washington Orientation and Mobility Association (WOMA).

HYBRIDS & THE ELECTRIC CAR:

Quiet hybrids pose an `invisible' risk. By Gary Richards, Mercury News.

Impact of Hybrid Cars and Electric Cars on Safety. By Janet Barlow.

Pedestrians' Risk Higher Around Quiet Hybrid Cars. By Gary Richards.

When Silence Equals Death: Hybrid vehicles are good for the planet, but bad news for the visually impaired. What's a well-meaning lefty to do? By Kara Platoni. Article Published Sep 21, 2005 East Bay Express.

Environmental Accessibility:

Designing Sidewalks and Trails for Access. This 19 Chapter guidebook focuses on designing sidewalks and trails for access. It was created to provide planners, designers, and transportation engineers with a better understanding of how sidewalks and trails should be developed to promote pedestrian access for all users, including people with disabilities. United States Department of Transportation - Federal Highway Administration.
Chapter 1: Introduction,
Chapter 2: Understanding Sidewalk and Trail Users
SIDEWALK DEVELOPMENT
Chapter 3: Integrating Pedestrians into the Project Planning Process
Chapter 4: Sidewalk Corridors
Chapter 5: Driveway Crossings
Chapter 6: Providing Information to Pedestrians
Chapter 7: Curb Ramps
Chapter 8: Pedestrian Crossings
Chapter 9: Traffic Calming
Chapterter 10 - 19, Glossary, Bibliography.

DOWNLOAD: Article: Wayfinding Cues at Intersections, Geometric Design, ITE/Access Board Workshop October 22-23rd, 2004 Michael S. Ross, P.E., City of Overland Park

DOWNLOAD: Article: Curb Ramp Design by Elements & Planter Strip Curb Ramp, Michael A. Whipple, ADA Resource Associates, Inc.

DOWNLOAD: Article: Arizona Department of Transportation, Recommended Special Provision Sidewal Ramps, Section 908, Concrete Curbs, Gutters, Sidewalks and Driveways. Detail Plans (PDF Formats)
C05201 and C05202: Driveway with sidewalk adjacent to and driveway with setback to curb
C05301: Parallel Sidewalk Ramp Type A
C05302: Perpendicular Curb Ramp Type B
C05303: Sidewalk Ramp at Sidewalk Terminus- Elevation at Depressed Sidewalk Ramp
C05304: Sidewalk Ramp at Sidewalk Terminus-Sidewalk Behind Barrier
C05305: Sidewalk Ramp Type E
C05306: Sidewalk Ramp at Median Island Crossing
C05307: Sidewalk Ramp: Detectable Warning Strip

DOWNLOAD: Article: Developing Curb Ramp Designs Based on Curb Radius By Edward R. Stollof, AICP

DOWNLOAD: Article: United Kingdom Intersection and Pedestrian Crossing Design. Peter Barker, Royal National Institute of the Blind, London, UK

Reactions of Visually and Physically Impaired Pedestrians to Detectable Warning Surfaces on Sidewalk Curb Ramps. Road Engineering Journal.

Wayfinding in the Built Environment. US Department of Education's National Institudte on Disabilty and Rebabilitation Research.

DOWNLOAD: Article: Wayfinding at Intersections: Efforts Toward Standardization—A Joint Workshop of the Institute of Transportation Engineers and the U.S. Access Board By Edward R. Stollof, AICP

DOWNLOAD: Article:

DOWNLOAD: Article: Briefing Paper on Intersection Traffic Control Wayfinding Cues at Intersections Workshop,
William C. Kloos, P.E., Signals and St. Lighting Manager, City of Portland, Oregon, October 11, 2004

DOWNLOAD: Article: Framing the Issues: Traffic Control. William C. Kloos, P.E., Signals and St. Lighting Manager, City of Portland, Oregon

APS:

Information on Accessible Pedestrian Signals

About Accessible Pedestrian Signals

Manufacturers and Vendors of Accessible Pedestrian Signals

Accessible Pedestian Signals: Synthesis and Guide to Best Practice

Accessible Pedestrian Signals Resources & References

DOWNLOAD: Article: The Full Guide APS-Synthesis (PDF) [7.53 Mb] or by Chapter

DOWNLOAD: Article: NCHRP Research Results Digest 278 summarizes Accessible Pedestrian Signals: Synthesis and Guide to Best Practice.

Crossing problems that may be ameliorated by APS. Survey of blind pedestrians and orientation and mobility specialists. In 1998, the American Council of the Blind (ACB) and the Association for Education and Rehabilitation of the Blind and Visually Impaired (AER) conducted surveys having similar questions to determine problems experienced by blind pedestrians during street crossings.

The Effect of Pushbutton Location and Audible WALK Indications on Pedestrian Behavior (Part 1 of 2)
A study on whether the installation of APS on two poles separated by at least ten feet was necessary, or if there were options for installation of both devices on a single pole that would provide unambiguous WALK information. Available in the following formats: (HTML) (PDF)

Research Results Digest: A summary of this APS Guide is available in the following formats: (HTML) (PDF)

Accessible Pedestrian SIgnals. By Bentzen and Tabor. Accessible Design for the Blind. Aug. 1988. (PDF)

Accessible Pedestiran SIgnals: Making Your Community Safe and More Accessible for Everyone. By Donna Smith and Susan Clark.

Locator tones for pedestrian signals. Bentzen, B.L., Barlow, J.M., and Gubbé, D. (2000). Transportation Research Record 1705, pp. 40-42.

Speech Messages for Accessible Pedestrian Signals. Institute of Transportation Engineers. ITE Journal, Sep 2004 by Bentzen, Billie Louise, Barlow, Janet M, Franck, Lukas

DETECTABLE WARNING SURFACES:

Detectable warning. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Detectable Warning Surfaces - Accessible Design for the Blind

Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines; Detectable Warnings. DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

Memo: INFORMATION: ADAAG Detectable Warnings (Truncated Domes). U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration

Bentzen, B.L.; Nolin, T.L. & Easton, R.D. (1994). Detectable warning surfaces: Color, contrast and reflectance. Final report. US Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration, Volpe National Transportation Systems Center. VNTSC-DTRS 57-93-P-80546.

Bentzen, B.L.; Nolin, T.L.; Easton, R.D.; Desmarais, L. & Mitchell, P.A. (1994). Detectable warnings: Safety & negotiability on slopes for persons who are physically impaired. Federal Transit Administration and Project ACTION of the National Easter Seal Society.

Bentzen, B.L.; Nolin, T.L.; Easton, R.D.;Desmarais, L. & Mitchell, P.A. (1994). Detectable warning surfaces: Detectability by individuals with visual impairments, and safety and negotiability for individuals with physical impairments. Final report DOT-VNTSC-FTA-94-4 and FTA-MA-06-0201-94-2. U. S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration, Volpe National Transportation Systems Center, and Project ACTION, National Easter Seal Society.

Bentzen, B.L. (1994). Detectable warnings in transit facilities: Safety & negotiability. Federal Transit Administration and Project ACTION of the National Easter Seal Society.

Peck, A.F. & Bentzen, B.L. (1987). Tactile warnings to promote safety in the vicinity of transit platform edges. US Department of Transportation, Urban Mass Transportation Administration, Report No. UMTA-MA-06-0120-87-1.

Testing Truncated Domes. by Mark Chandler. Accessibility guidelines for the disabled require detectable warnings on all curb ramps. Here's how some States are getting the job done right

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